Tools
Intervals & Tests
Hypothesis Test Of Sample Mean Example
Hypothesis Test Of Two Sample Variances Example
Hypothesis Test Of A Standard Deviation Compared To A Standard Value Example
Distributions
Area Under the Standard Normal Curve
Non-Normal Distributions in the Real World
Rayleigh Distribution for True Position
| 
 Y / α  | 
 0.995  | 
 0.99  | 
 0.98  | 
 0.975  | 
 0.95  | 
 0.90  | 
 0.80  | 
 0.75  | 
 0.70  | 
 0.50  | 
| 
 1  | 
 0.00004  | 
 0.000  | 
 0.001  | 
 0.001  | 
 0.004  | 
 0.016  | 
 0.064  | 
 0.102  | 
 0.148  | 
 0.455  | 
| 
 2  | 
 0.0100  | 
 0.020  | 
 0.040  | 
 0.051  | 
 0.103  | 
 0.211  | 
 0.446  | 
 0.575  | 
 0.713  | 
 1.386  | 
| 
 3  | 
 0.0717  | 
 0.115  | 
 0.185  | 
 0.216  | 
 0.352  | 
 0.584  | 
 1.005  | 
 1.213  | 
 1.424  | 
 2.366  | 
| 
 4  | 
 0.207  | 
 0.297  | 
 0.429  | 
 0.484  | 
 0.711  | 
 1.064  | 
 1.649  | 
 1.923  | 
 2.195  | 
 3.357  | 
| 
 5  | 
 0.412  | 
 0.554  | 
 0.752  | 
 0.831  | 
 1.145  | 
 1.610  | 
 2.343  | 
 2.675  | 
 3.000  | 
 4.351  | 
| 
 6  | 
 0.676  | 
 0.872  | 
 1.134  | 
 1.237  | 
 1.635  | 
 2.204  | 
 3.070  | 
 3.455  | 
 3.828  | 
 5.348  | 
| 
 7  | 
 0.989  | 
 1.239  | 
 1.564  | 
 1.690  | 
 2.167  | 
 2.833  | 
 3.822  | 
 4.255  | 
 4.671  | 
 6.346  | 
| 
 8  | 
 1.344  | 
 1.646  | 
 2.032  | 
 2.180  | 
 2.733  | 
 3.490  | 
 4.594  | 
 5.071  | 
 5.527  | 
 7.344  | 
| 
 9  | 
 1.735  | 
 2.088  | 
 2.532  | 
 2.700  | 
 3.325  | 
 4.168  | 
 5.380  | 
 5.899  | 
 6.393  | 
 8.343  | 
| 
 10  | 
 2.156  | 
 2.558  | 
 3.059  | 
 3.247  | 
 3.940  | 
 4.865  | 
 6.179  | 
 6.737  | 
 7.267  | 
 9.342  | 
| 
 11  | 
 2.603  | 
 3.053  | 
 3.609  | 
 3.816  | 
 4.575  | 
 5.578  | 
 6.989  | 
 7.584  | 
 8.148  | 
 10.341  | 
| 
 12  | 
 3.074  | 
 3.571  | 
 4.178  | 
 4.404  | 
 5.226  | 
 6.304  | 
 7.807  | 
 8.438  | 
 9.034  | 
 11.340  | 
| 
 13  | 
 3.565  | 
 4.107  | 
 4.765  | 
 5.009  | 
 5.892  | 
 7.042  | 
 8.634  | 
 9.299  | 
 9.926  | 
 12.340  | 
| 
 14  | 
 4.075  | 
 4.660  | 
 5.368  | 
 5.629  | 
 6.571  | 
 7.790  | 
 9.467  | 
 10.165  | 
 10.821  | 
 13.339  | 
| 
 15  | 
 4.601  | 
 5.229  | 
 5.985  | 
 6.262  | 
 7.261  | 
 8.547  | 
 10.307  | 
 11.037  | 
 11.721  | 
 14.339  | 
| 
 16  | 
 5.142  | 
 5.812  | 
 6.614  | 
 6.908  | 
 7.962  | 
 9.312  | 
 11.152  | 
 11.912  | 
 12.624  | 
 15.338  | 
| 
 17  | 
 5.697  | 
 6.408  | 
 7.255  | 
 7.564  | 
 8.672  | 
 10.085  | 
 12.002  | 
 12.792  | 
 13.531  | 
 16.338  | 
| 
 18  | 
 6.265  | 
 7.015  | 
 7.906  | 
 8.231  | 
 9.390  | 
 10.865  | 
 12.857  | 
 13.675  | 
 14.440  | 
 17.338  | 
| 
 19  | 
 6.844  | 
 7.633  | 
 8.567  | 
 8.907  | 
 10.117  | 
 11.651  | 
 13.716  | 
 14.562  | 
 15.352  | 
 18.338  | 
| 
 20  | 
 7.434  | 
 8.260  | 
 9.237  | 
 9.591  | 
 10.851  | 
 12.443  | 
 14.578  | 
 15.452  | 
 16.266  | 
 19.337  | 
| 
 21  | 
 8.034  | 
 8.897  | 
 9.915  | 
 10.283  | 
 11.591  | 
 13.240  | 
 15.445  | 
 16.344  | 
 17.182  | 
 20.337  | 
| 
 22  | 
 8.643  | 
 9.542  | 
 10.600  | 
 10.982  | 
 12.338  | 
 14.041  | 
 16.314  | 
 17.240  | 
 18.101  | 
 20.337  | 
| 
 23  | 
 9.260  | 
 10.196  | 
 11.293  | 
 11.689  | 
 13.091  | 
 14.848  | 
 17.187  | 
 18.137  | 
 19.021  | 
 22.337  | 
| 
 24  | 
 9.886  | 
 10.856  | 
 11.992  | 
 12.401  | 
 13.848  | 
 15.659  | 
 18.062  | 
 19.037  | 
 19.943  | 
 23.337  | 
| 
 25  | 
 10.520  | 
 11.524  | 
 12.697  | 
 13.120  | 
 14.611  | 
 16.473  | 
 18.940  | 
 19.939  | 
 20.867  | 
 24.337  | 
| 
 26  | 
 11.160  | 
 12.198  | 
 13.409  | 
 13.844  | 
 15.379  | 
 17.292  | 
 19.820  | 
 20.843  | 
 21.792  | 
 25.336  | 
| 
 27  | 
 11.808  | 
 12.879  | 
 14.125  | 
 14.573  | 
 16.151  | 
 18.114  | 
 20.703  | 
 21.749  | 
 22.719  | 
 26.336  | 
| 
 28  | 
 12.461  | 
 13.565  | 
 14.847  | 
 15.308  | 
 16.928  | 
 18.939  | 
 21.588  | 
 22.657  | 
 23.647  | 
 27.336  | 
| 
 29  | 
 13.121  | 
 14.256  | 
 15.574  | 
 16.047  | 
 17.708  | 
 19.768  | 
 22.475  | 
 23.567  | 
 23.577  | 
 28.336  | 
| 
 30  | 
 13.787  | 
 14.953  | 
 16.306  | 
 16.791  | 
 18.493  | 
 20.599  | 
 23.364  | 
 24.478  | 
 25.508  | 
 29.336  | 
| 
   | 
||||||||||
| 
 y  | 
 0.30  | 
 0.25  | 
 0.20  | 
 0.10  | 
 0.05  | 
 0.025  | 
 0.02  | 
 0.01  | 
 0.005  | 
 0.001  | 
| 
 1  | 
 1.074  | 
 1.323  | 
 1.642  | 
 2.706  | 
 3.841  | 
 5.024  | 
 5.412  | 
 6.635  | 
 7.879  | 
 10.828  | 
| 
 2  | 
 2.408  | 
 2.773  | 
 3.219  | 
 4.605  | 
 5.991  | 
 7.378  | 
 7.824  | 
 9.210  | 
 10.597  | 
 13.816  | 
| 
 3  | 
 3.665  | 
 4.108  | 
 4.642  | 
 6.251  | 
 7.815  | 
 9.348  | 
 9.837  | 
 11.345  | 
 12.838  | 
 16.266  | 
| 
 4  | 
 4.878  | 
 5.385  | 
 5.989  | 
 7.779  | 
 9.488  | 
 11.143  | 
 11.668  | 
 13.277  | 
 14.860  | 
 18.467  | 
| 
 5  | 
 6.064  | 
 6.626  | 
 7.289  | 
 9.236  | 
 11.070  | 
 12.833  | 
 13.388  | 
 15.086  | 
 16.750  | 
 20.515  | 
| 
 6  | 
 7.231  | 
 7.841  | 
 8.558  | 
 10.645  | 
 12.592  | 
 14.449  | 
 15.033  | 
 16.812  | 
 18.548  | 
 22.458  | 
| 
 7  | 
 8.383  | 
 9.037  | 
 9.803  | 
 12.017  | 
 14.067  | 
 16.013  | 
 16.622  | 
 18.475  | 
 20.278  | 
 24.322  | 
| 
 8  | 
 9.524  | 
 10.219  | 
 11.030  | 
 13.362  | 
 15.507  | 
 17.535  | 
 18.168  | 
 20.090  | 
 21.955  | 
 26.124  | 
| 
 9  | 
 10.656  | 
 11.389  | 
 12.242  | 
 14.684  | 
 16.919  | 
 19.023  | 
 19.679  | 
 21.666  | 
 23.589  | 
 27.877  | 
| 
 10  | 
 11.781  | 
 12.549  | 
 13.442  | 
 15.987  | 
 18.307  | 
 20.483  | 
 21.161  | 
 23.209  | 
 25.188  | 
 29.588  | 
| 
 11  | 
 12.899  | 
 13.701  | 
 14.631  | 
 17.275  | 
 19.675  | 
 21.920  | 
 22.618  | 
 24.725  | 
 26.757  | 
 31.264  | 
| 
 12  | 
 14.011  | 
 14.845  | 
 15.812  | 
 18.549  | 
 21.026  | 
 23.337  | 
 24.054  | 
 26.217  | 
 28.300  | 
 32.909  | 
| 
 13  | 
 15.119  | 
 15.984  | 
 16.985  | 
 19.812  | 
 22.362  | 
 24.736  | 
 25.472  | 
 27.688  | 
 29.819  | 
 34.528  | 
| 
 14  | 
 16.222  | 
 17.117  | 
 18.151  | 
 21.064  | 
 23.685  | 
 26.119  | 
 26.873  | 
 29.141  | 
 31.319  | 
 36.123  | 
| 
 15  | 
 17.322  | 
 18.245  | 
 19.311  | 
 22.307  | 
 24.996  | 
 27.488  | 
 28.259  | 
 30.578  | 
 32.801  | 
 37.697  | 
| 
 16  | 
 18.418  | 
 19.369  | 
 20.465  | 
 23.542  | 
 26.296  | 
 28.845  | 
 29.633  | 
 32.000  | 
 34.267  | 
 39.252  | 
| 
 17  | 
 19.511  | 
 20.489  | 
 21.615  | 
 24.769  | 
 27.587  | 
 30.191  | 
 30.995  | 
 33.409  | 
 35.718  | 
 40.790  | 
| 
 18  | 
 20.601  | 
 21.605  | 
 22.760  | 
 25.989  | 
 28.869  | 
 31.526  | 
 32.346  | 
 34.805  | 
 37.156  | 
 42.312  | 
| 
 19  | 
 21.689  | 
 22.718  | 
 23.900  | 
 27.204  | 
 30.144  | 
 32.852  | 
 33.687  | 
 36.191  | 
 38.582  | 
 43.820  | 
| 
 20  | 
 22.775  | 
 23.828  | 
 25.038  | 
 28.412  | 
 31.410  | 
 34.170  | 
 35.020  | 
 37.566  | 
 39.997  | 
 45.315  | 
| 
 21  | 
 23.858  | 
 24.935  | 
 26.171  | 
 29.615  | 
 32.671  | 
 35.479  | 
 36.343  | 
 38.932  | 
 41.401  | 
 46.797  | 
| 
 22  | 
 24.939  | 
 26.039  | 
 27.301  | 
 30.813  | 
 33.924  | 
 36.781  | 
 37.659  | 
 40.289  | 
 42.796  | 
 48.268  | 
| 
 23  | 
 26.018  | 
 27.141  | 
 28.429  | 
 32.007  | 
 35.172  | 
 38.076  | 
 38.968  | 
 41.638  | 
 44.181  | 
 49.728  | 
| 
 24  | 
 27.096  | 
 28.241  | 
 29.553  | 
 33.196  | 
 36.415  | 
 39.364  | 
 40.270  | 
 42.980  | 
 45.559  | 
 51.179  | 
| 
 25  | 
 28.172  | 
 29.339  | 
 30.675  | 
 34.382  | 
 37.652  | 
 40.646  | 
 41.566  | 
 44.314  | 
 46.928  | 
 52.620  | 
| 
 26  | 
 29.246  | 
 30.435  | 
 31.795  | 
 35.563  | 
 38.885  | 
 41.923  | 
 42.856  | 
 45.642  | 
 48.290  | 
 54.052  | 
| 
 27  | 
 30.319  | 
 31.528  | 
 32.912  | 
 36.741  | 
 40.113  | 
 43.195  | 
 44.140  | 
 46.963  | 
 49.645  | 
 55.476  | 
| 
 28  | 
 31.391  | 
 32.620  | 
 34.027  | 
 37.916  | 
 41.337  | 
 44.461  | 
 45.419  | 
 48.278  | 
 50.993  | 
 56.892  | 
| 
 29  | 
 32.461  | 
 33.711  | 
 35.139  | 
 39.087  | 
 42.557  | 
 45.722  | 
 46.693  | 
 49.588  | 
 52.336  | 
 58.301  | 
| 
 30  | 
 33.530  | 
 34.800  | 
 36.250  | 
 40.256  | 
 43.773  | 
 46.979  | 
 47.962  | 
 50.892  | 
 53.672  | 
 59.703  | 
Learn more about the Statistical Inference tools for understanding statistics in Six Sigma Demystified (2011, McGraw-Hill) by Paul Keller, in his online Intro. to Statistics short course (only $89) or his online Black Belt certification training course ($875).